Which kinematic equation can be used when final velocity is not known?

The kinematic equation that is most appropriate to use when the final velocity is unknown involves the displacement, initial velocity, acceleration, and time. The selected equation provides a way to calculate the distance traveled by an object undergoing constant acceleration without the necessity of knowing the final velocity.

In this context, the equation (x = v_0 t + \frac{1}{2} a t^2) relates the initial velocity ((v_0)), time ((t)), acceleration ((a)), and the displacement ((x)). By using this equation, one can determine the displacement of the object based solely on the parameters of time, initial velocity, and acceleration. This is particularly useful in scenarios where the final velocity is not required for the analysis, making it ideal for solving problems involving distance traveled under constant acceleration.

Other kinematic equations, such as the one that describes the relationship between final velocity and initial velocity, may rely on knowing the final velocity to be applicable, making them less suitable for situations where this variable is absent. Therefore, when uncertain of the final velocity, employing the equation for displacement allows for effective analysis without requiring that specific information.